Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is primarily characterized by ongoing patterns of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity. Individuals with ADHD may only show symptoms of inattention or symptoms hyperactivity-impulsivity, while others can have the combined type and show symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity. These symptoms can often interfere with functioning or development – such as socially, in school, at work, and home.

It is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder in childhood with the majority of children receiving a diagnosis during elementary school years. ADHD can continue to persist through adolescence and adulthood. Early intervention and medication can help manage the symptoms.

Overview For Parents

  • There are a number of factors that can contribute to ADHD. Neurological, environmental, and genetic are possible sources for ADHD.
  • Children with ADHD may be at risk for handwriting difficulties, motor difficulties, and visual inattention to the left field. Different types of interventions are needed to address these impairments.
  • Although no cure exists to treat ADHD, several treatments are available to help manage the symptoms and improve the quality of life.

Overview For Clinicians

  • Preliminary evidence suggests that the use of methylphenidate has a positive effect on the motor performance of children with ADHD.
  • Practitioners should know that there is an association between ADHD symptoms and the DAT1 genotype.
  • Educational and clinical interventions need to recognize distinct cognitive profiles in children with attention problems and children with reading problems, to be sure that the appropriate areas of concern are addressed.

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